Mesothelioma and Asbestos Asbestos is an extremely hazardous substance that can lead to several medical conditions. One of these conditions, mesothelioma, is a rare cancer. This rare cancer can affect the linings of certain organs. The most common mesothelioma types are peritoneal and pleural. Inhaling asbestos fibres can trigger mesothelioma. https://vimeo.com/704887149