The driving force alternates between energizing a person coil and two coils, building intermediate positions amongst comprehensive ways. Keeping torque: The torque necessary to rotate the shaft when coils are energized as well as motor is stationary. This is the motor’s rated torque—usually optimum when the two coils are energized. https://quickresearcheraq.fitnell.com/80923108/analysis-of-the-shaft-diameter-standards-for-a-stepper-motor